Marriage and Family Therapists (MFT) Law and Ethics Practice Exam

Which of the following conditions would justify breaking confidentiality?

1. The client wishes to discuss personal issues.

2. Suspicion of child abuse or neglect.

3. The client has made a formal complaint.

4. The client is dissatisfied with treatment.

The correct answer is: Suspicion of child abuse or neglect.

Breaking confidentiality in a therapeutic context is a critical decision guided by ethical and legal standards. One of the clear justifications for breaking confidentiality is the suspicion of child abuse or neglect. This duty to report is rooted in the welfare of the child and the legal mandates that exist across various jurisdictions. Therapists are legally obligated to report any suspicions of abuse to the appropriate authorities to ensure the safety and protection of the child involved. This duty transcends the confidentiality agreement established with clients because it prioritizes the potential harm to vulnerable individuals. In contrast, simply discussing personal issues, expressing dissatisfaction with treatment, or making a formal complaint do not rise to the level of justifying a breach of confidentiality. These situations do not involve immediate danger or legal obligations that would necessitate informing outside parties. The therapist's obligation to maintain a safe and confidential space for clients remains intact in those scenarios unless they threaten harm to themselves or others, as well. Thus, the ethical responsibility to protect children in cases of suspected abuse or neglect is a paramount concern that justifies breaking confidentiality.